What condition in pregnant women is characterized by high blood pressure and swelling of the face and ankles?

• A. Gestational diabetes
• B. Eclampsia
• C. Hyperemesis gravidarum
• D. Toxemia (preeclampsia)

Answer: (D)

The condition characterized by high blood pressure and swelling of the face and ankles in pregnant women is known as toxemia, or more formally, preeclampsia. This condition generally occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy and can be a serious complication if not monitored and managed correctly. It is marked by the onset of high blood pressure and can lead to other symptoms such as protein in the urine and swelling, particularly in the face and extremities.

Preeclampsia can progress to more severe conditions, including eclampsia, which involves seizures, making early detection and management crucial for the health of both the mother and the baby. This distinguishes it from gestational diabetes, which primarily affects how a mother’s body processes glucose, and hyperemesis gravidarum, which is characterized by severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Thus, understanding the signs of preeclampsia is essential for ensuring appropriate prenatal care and safeguarding maternal and fetal health.